Symmetry breaking and operator pruning in classical planning
 

Alexander Shleyfman  is a postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering in the University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
 
 

The  Lecture  will  be  held on Tuesday , 17  November   2020, at 14:00 

Via Zoom – https://us02web.zoom.us/j/85690788388?pwd=K0d1QlpXWWpMVEo3SHg1WTZSbERDQT...
 
 
Abstract: The idea of identifying and pruning symmetries while reasoning about automorphisms of the search spaces has been exploited for quite a while already in model checking, constraint satisfaction, and planning. However, until the work by Pochter et al. (2011), no empirical successes in this direction have been reported in the scope of cost-optimal planning.  In our work, we build upon the framework of Pochter et al. (2011) and extend and improve it to allow for exploiting strictly larger sets of automorphisms, and thus pruning strictly larger parts of the search space. Our approach is based on exploiting information about the part of the transition system that is gradually being revealed by forward search algorithms as A∗. This information allows us to eliminate the requirement of Pochter et al. from the automorphisms to stabilize the initial state, a requirement that turns out to be quite constraining in terms of state-space pruning. We introduce an extension of the BrFS algorithms that preserves their core properties of completeness and optimality.  We also explored the “heuristic” part of the heuristic search. Several heuristics families were developed over the years to automatically estimate goal  distance information from problem descriptions. So far, little work has dealt with how the heuristics  behave under symmetries. We investigate the symmetry properties of existing heuristics and  reveal that many of them are invariant under symmetries. Moreover, we show that goal-stable  automorphism groups can be used to improve informativeness of various "non-symmetric" heuristic  estimates. Finally, we prove that the calculation of an automorphism group for a given planning task is  GI-complete.
 
Short biography: Alexander Shleyfman was recently a postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering in the University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Alex completed both his PhD and MSc degrees at the Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management at the Technion. His current research looks at integration of classical planning and learning techniques into real world application and resource management, as well as in the theoretical properties of such techniques. Prior to being a  postdoc at UofT, Alex worked as a course instructor at the Technion, teaching such courses as "Introduction to AI" and "Software Engineering" for the Data Science and Engineering BSc program. While working on his PhD Alex was part of the Adams fellowship program, and received a Wolf Prize for PhD students.  

"ZOOM" SEMINAR

School of Mechanical Engineering Seminar
Wednesday, November 25, 2020 at 14:00

Impact of irrigation with different water qualities and nitrogen loads on the plant-soil-leachate-atmosphere continuum

A thesis submitted toward the degree of

Master of Science in Environmental Engineering

Maya Weinstein

Under the supervision of Prof. Hadas Mamane - The Environmental Engineering Program, School of Mechanical Engineering, TAU and Dr. Shahar Baram - Institute for Soil, Water and environmental sciences, Volcani Agricultural research center

To answer the food and water needs exacerbating by world population growth, alternative water sources and more efficient irrigation and fertilizing approaches need to be developed. To date, excess application of fertilizers harms the environment through leachates that contaminate surface and groundwater sources or through the emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Both processes are governed by a range of biogeochemical reactions. While the use of water of lesser qualities, such as saline and treated wastewater (TWW), may alleviate water shortage for agriculture, their application could change the soil structure and properties, and affect its fertility and oxygen availability and nutrient uptake ability of the plants. To address some of these pressing issues, the general objectives of this research were to investigate how the combinations of the different water qualities, salinity level, N fertilization, and drip system affects N management in the plant-soil-leachate-atmosphere continuum. Two lysimeter growing experiments were conducted, growing potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) and lettuce (Latuca sativa, L.) in a sandy soil. In both experiments, surface and subsurface drip systems were used. In each experiment, the plants were fertigated with TWW and desalinated water (DS) to which different levels of salinity (15 – 1200 mg-Cl/L) were added with increasing N concentrations (20 – 150 mg-N/L). An instrument array was used to monitor water content and oxygen concentration in the soil, along with N-losses to the environment as leachates and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions. In the lettuce growing experiment, irrigation with TWW aerated with oxygen nanobubbles (ONB) was also evaluated as an additional means for improving yield and soil fertility.

Join Zoom Meeting
 

https://zoom.us/j/96584758181?pwd=WC9PMXdsYzJ3NFdEN2Q5ZUtOZEVjdz09 The meeting will be recorded and made available on the School’s site.